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The site was surveyed and modeled, in this case using 3D Studio (many other programs work just as well). The 2007 Ford Five Hundred Sedan was selected directly from the EDC vehicle database. The 1993 Peterbilt tractor and two Belly Dump trailers were built from generic vehicles. The event was simulated using the SIMON 3-D Vehicle Dynamics Simulation Model and DyMESH 3-D Collision Model, Version 3. Friction zones were added to the 3-D terrain model for the gravel shoulders and grass field.
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