Procedure

The scene was surveyed and modeled, in this case using a basic CAD program. The vehicles were used as-is, directly from the HVE-2D Vehicle database (the utility trailer was manufactured by Warrington and is commonly used as a rental trailer). Trial and error quickly revealed the minimum impact speed required to cause the observed vehicle rotation and resulting secondary impact was approximately 15 mph for the pickup and 45 mph for the sedan. These simulated speeds were also consistent with the documented rest positions. Simulation of the pre-impact braking revealed the sedan was traveling approximately 50 mph when the brakes were applied.
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